For the PBM reforms in the recently-enacted appropriations law, CBO estimated a total federal deficit reduction of $2.12 billion over 10 years (2026-2035): A reduction of $444 million from delinking PBM compensation from the cost of medications for drugs under Part D and establishing PBM transparency and reporting requirements for Part D plans An increase of $188 billion from assuring pharmacy access and choice for Medicare beneficiaries A reduction of $1.865 billion from increasing oversight of PBMs that work with employer health plans, including $1.843 billion in additional revenues and savings of $22 million For the provision to increase oversight of PBMs that work with employer health plans, a prior CBO estimate of this provision assumed that because insurers had more information about the operations of their PBMs, it would lead to a reduction in prescription costs, and therefore a modest reduction in premiums charged in the group health insurance market, though savings would likely diminish over time
Studies such as the LEADER trial (liraglutide), SUSTAIN-6 (semaglutide), and REWIND (dulaglutide) have shown reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, in people with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or high cardiovascular risk
Finally, a higher BMI changes the uterine lining which can make it harder for an embryo to attach and therefore increases the risk of miscarriage, she added
GuzmanCBZhangXMLiuRRegevAShankarSGarhyanPet al
Retatrutide NAFLD: phase 2 trial results in subset of patients with obesity and NAFLD
