5).17 The main described causes are physiological aspects (racial melanonychia and pregnancy), mechanical trauma, post-inflammatory melanonychia (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation), local infections (fungal or bacterial), drug-induced melanonychia (hydroxyurea, tetracyclines, amlodipine, psoralens, zidovudine or some chemotherapeutic agents, mainly cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and capecitabine), systemic diseases (hemosiderosis, HIV, porphyria, alkaptonuria, Addison disease, and Cushing syndrome), specific syndromes (Laugier-Hunziker-Baran, and Peutz-Jeghers syndromes), iatrogenic (phototherapy), and associated with keratinocyte nail tumors (onychomatricoma, onychocytic matricoma, onychopapilloma, and Bowen disease).17,21,2426 Melanocytic activation is usually asymptomatic, and dermoscopy of the nail plate surface reveals, in the majority of cases, a gray background color associated with parallel, thin, and regular lines.17,27,28 However, in individuals with phototypes IV, V, and VI, it may manifest as a brown or black discoloration (Fig
Squats, deadlifts, bench press, rows, and overhead press form the foundation of effective programming
Which Treatment is Right for You
Vitamin C & E Fades pigmentation and boosts skin glow
Learn more about our holistic approach: How CVS Weight Management combines GLP-1 therapy with lifestyle support As the GLP-1 landscape rapidly evolves, CVS Weight Management is helping payors and members lower risk and costs
