We included studies in this meta-analysis that: (1) assessed gray matter using structural MRI, (2) reported a set of coordinates (i.e., foci) from a between-subjects contrast comparing smokers to matched nonsmoking participants, (3) reported coordinates in a defined stereotaxic space (i.e., Talairach or Montreal Neurological Institute [MNI]), (4) performed a whole-brain analysis, and (5) provided sufficient information regarding characterization of smoking behaviors (e.g., pack-years, Fagerstrm Test of Nicotine Dependence [FTND] scores, years smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day), basic demographics of the study samples (e.g., age, sex, N ), and data analysis strategies (e.g., smoothing parameters, statistical thresholds)
In the meantime, you should protect your loved ones from second-hand vapours just to be on the safe side
However: Health Risks : Still expose users to toxic chemicals and nicotine, increasing the risk of heart and lung issues
Even if someone who is smoking opens up a window in a hotel room, the smell of cigarette smoke could still linger on curtains, linens, carpets, and other cushions
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